VCE Software Development - U3O1 - Programming

1 Functional requirements 2 Solution Non-functional Requirements 3 Writing measurable non-functional requirements 4 Constraints on a solution 5 Scope of a solution 6 Listing requirements and constraints for a problem 7 Input-process-output (IPO) chart 8 Design Tool - Mock-ups 9 Annotating an interface design 10 Data dictionary 11 Writing a data dictionary entry 12 Designing classes with a class diagram 13 Object descriptions 14 Writing an object description from a requirement 15 Text data: character and string 16 Numeric data: integer 17 Numeric data: floating point 18 Date/time data 19 Boolean data 20 Choosing a data type for a value 21 print() function 22 input() function 23 Comments 24 Variables 25 Basic Data Types 26 Type Conversion 27 Basic Arithmetic 28 More Arithmetic 29 String Concatenation 30 F-String Formatting 31 len() function 32 Constants 33 Sequence: instructions run in order 34 String Methods (upper, lower, replace…) 35 Imports 36 Comparison Operators 37 Boolean Logic 38 If Statements 39 elif Statements 40 else Statements 41 Nested if statements in Python 42 While Loops 43 For Loops 44 range() 45 Counters and totals in a Python loop 46 break and continue 47 Purposes of naming conventions 48 Camel casing 49 Snake casing 50 Hungarian notation for variables 51 Hungarian notation for interface controls 52 Applying a naming convention to code structures 53 Purposes of internal documentation: code maintenance 54 Comments that explain and justify data and code structures 55 Docstrings for functions and classes 56 Stubs: placeholder code and comments for future development 57 What is Pseudocode 58 Pseudocode Writing Conventions 59 Variable Assignment: x <- value 60 input keyword 61 print keyword 62 Arithmetic Operators in Pseudocode 63 Comparison Operators in Pseudocode 64 Boolean Operators in Pseudocode 65 if-then block 66 if-then-else block 67 else if: chained selection 68 for loop: for i from 1 to n 69 while loop 70 Repeat-Until loop 71 Counters and accumulators in pseudocode 72 Turning pseudocode into Python 73 define: defining a function 74 return keyword 75 Calling a function 76 Function header in Software Development pseudocode 77 Arrays in pseudocode 78 Records in pseudocode 79 Functions – Defining 80 Functions – Parameters 81 Functions – Return Values 82 Functions – Scope 83 Changing a global variable with the global keyword 84 Functions – Default Arguments 85 Functions calling other functions 86 Program structure with a main() function 87 One-dimensional arrays 88 Lists – Creation 89 Lists – Indexing 90 Creating an array of a set size 91 Lists – Methods (append, remove, pop, insert) 92 Looping through a list with for...in 93 Looping through an array by index 94 Two-dimensional arrays 95 Nested Lists 96 Traversing a 2D array with nested loops 97 Nested for loops 98 Records: fields with different data types 99 Dictionaries – Basics (creation, accessing) 100 Accessing a record's fields by name and by field index 101 Lists + Dictionaries 102 Choosing a data structure 103 Plain text (TXT) files: structure 104 Delimited (CSV) files: structure 105 XML files: structure 106 Reasons for using TXT, CSV and XML data sources 107 File Operations – Open 108 File Operations – Read 109 File Operations – Write 110 Files – Error Handling (try/except) 111 Splitting a line into fields with .split() 112 Reading a CSV file into an array of records 113 Writing records to a CSV file 114 Reading an XML file with ElementTree 115 Validation: why data is checked on entry 116 Types of validation check 117 Existence checking in code 118 Type checking in code 119 Range checking in code 120 Error Handling – try/except basics 121 Input validation with a while loop 122 Combining validation checks in a validation function 123 What a graphical user interface (GUI) is 124 Creating a tkinter window 125 GUI Label control 126 GUI Entry control and .get() 127 GUI Button control and event handlers 128 Placing controls with grid() and pack() 129 Choice controls: Checkbutton, Radiobutton and Combobox 130 Showing messages with messagebox 131 OOP – Classes & Objects 132 OOP – __init__ Method 133 OOP – Methods 134 OOP – String Representation (__str__) 135 OOP – Practical Application 136 OOP – Class Variables vs Instance Variables 137 OOP principle: abstraction 138 OOP principle: encapsulation 139 OOP – Private Attributes (underscore convention) 140 Setter methods that validate data 141 OOP principle: generalisation 142 OOP principle: inheritance 143 OOP – Inheritance (basic) 144 Calling the parent __init__ with super() 145 Linear search in Python 146 Linear Search algorithm in pseudocode 147 Binary search in Python 148 Binary Search algorithm in pseudocode 149 Selection sort in Python 150 Selection Sort algorithm in pseudocode 151 Recursion: a function calling itself 152 Quick sort: pivot and partitioning 153 Quick sort in Python 154 Quick sort in pseudocode 155 Lists – Sorting with sorted() and .sort() 156 Comparing searching and sorting algorithms 157 Applying an algorithm to a task 158 Syntax Errors and Debugging 159 Logic errors in Python 160 Runtime errors in Python 161 Runtime error: overflow 162 Runtime error: index out of range 163 Runtime error: type mismatch 164 Runtime error: divide by zero 165 Reading an error message and traceback 166 Debugging with print() 167 Trace Tables 168 Debugging a program with print() and trace tables 169 Setting a breakpoint 170 Stepping through code and watching variables 171 Tracing nested loops 172 Choosing a range of test data 173 Boundary test values 174 Constructing test data for validation checks 175 Test cases: input, expected output, actual output 176 Testing a Python program with test cases 177 Testing a function with assert 178 Testing one module in isolation 179 Modifying an existing program 180 How does an AI actually work? 181 Emerging trend: AI code generation tools 182 Writing a prompt to generate code 183 Refining a prompt after reviewing the output 184 Checking and testing AI-generated code 185 Automated debugging with AI tools 186 Automated test generation with AI tools 187 Code optimisation 188 Optimising code with AI tools 189 Data generated by artificial intelligence 190 Protecting privacy and confidential code when using AI tools 191 Acknowledging AI use and licensing of generated code 192 Australia’s Artificial Intelligence (AI) Ethics Principles 193 Bias and over-reliance when using AI to program

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VCE Software Development U3O1: Requirements and design tools Students distinguish functional and non-functional requirements, constraints and scope, and represent a solution with IPO charts, mock-ups, data dictionaries, class diagrams and object descriptions.

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VCE Software Development U3O1: Data types and Python basics Students learn the text, numeric, date/time and Boolean data types and use Python variables, constants, input and output, operators, string handling and imports in sequential programs.

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VCE Software Development U3O1: Selection and iteration in Python Students use comparison and logical operators with if/elif/else selection and for and while loops to control the flow of a Python program.

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VCE Software Development U3O1: Naming conventions and internal documentation Students apply camel, snake and Hungarian naming conventions and write comments, docstrings and stubs that explain, justify and support maintenance of code.

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VCE Software Development U3O1: Pseudocode Students plan algorithms in VCAA-style pseudocode using assignment, input and output, operators, selection, loops, functions, arrays and records, and translate it into Python.

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VCE Software Development U3O1: Functions and program structure Students write functions with parameters, return values, default arguments and variable scope, and structure a program around a main function.

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VCE Software Development U3O1: Data structures Students store and process data in one-dimensional arrays, two-dimensional arrays and records, and choose a suitable structure for a task.

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VCE Software Development U3O1: Data sources and files Students compare the structure and uses of TXT, CSV and XML files and read, parse and write them in Python.

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VCE Software Development U3O1: Validation Students check data with existence, type and range checks and combine them in reusable validation code.

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VCE Software Development U3O1: Graphical user interfaces Students build event-driven tkinter interfaces with windows, labels, entry boxes, buttons, choice controls and message boxes.

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VCE Software Development U3O1: Object-oriented programming Students learn the OOP principles of abstraction, encapsulation, generalisation and inheritance and write Python classes and objects that use them.

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VCE Software Development U3O1: Searching and sorting algorithms Students trace, write and compare linear search, binary search, selection sort and quick sort in Python.

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VCE Software Development U3O1: Errors and debugging Students identify syntax, logic and runtime errors and locate them using error messages, debugging statements, trace tables and breakpoints.

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VCE Software Development U3O1: Testing modules Students construct normal, boundary and invalid test data and check modules with test cases that compare expected and actual output in testing tables.

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VCE Software Development U3O1: Artificial intelligence in programming Students use AI tools to generate, debug, test and optimise code, check the results, and use these tools responsibly and ethically.

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Python Crossword: Getting Started (Modules 1–10) 10 clues · print() function, input() function, Comments, Variables and more

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Python Crossword: Control Flow (Modules 11–20) 10 clues · Type Conversion, Comparison Operators, Boolean Logic, If Statements and more

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Python Crossword: Functions (Modules 21–30) 10 clues · range(), Error Handling – try/except basics, break and continue, Functions – Defining and more

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Python Crossword: Data Structures (Modules 31–40) 10 clues · String Methods (upper, lower, replace…), String Formatting (.format()), Lists – Creation, Lists – Indexing and more

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Python Crossword: Advanced (Modules 41–50) 10 clues · Sets – Operations, Nested Lists, Lists + Dictionaries, File Operations – Open and more

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Python Crossword: Advanced (Modules 51–63) 10 clues · OOP – Methods, OOP – String Representation (__str__), OOP – Practical Application, OOP – Class Variables vs Instance Variables and more

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Python Word Search: Getting Started and Control Flow (Modules 1–20) 22 words to find · print() function, input() function, Comments, Variables and more

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Python Word Search: Functions and Data Structures (Modules 21–40) 20 words to find · range(), Error Handling – try/except basics, break and continue, Functions – Defining and more

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Python Word Search: Advanced (Modules 41–63) 20 words to find · Sets – Operations, Nested Lists, Lists + Dictionaries, File Operations – Open and more

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VCE Innovative Solutions Crossword: Impact of Emerging Trends in Digital Systems and more (Part 1 of 2) 10 clues · Impact of Emerging Trends in Digital Systems, Characteristics of Creative and Innovative Solutions, Functions and Capabilities of Digital Systems, Ideation Techniques and more

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VCE Innovative Solutions Crossword: Gantt Charts and Project Management and more (Part 2 of 2) 10 clues · Gantt Charts and Project Management, Design Tool - Mock-ups, Design Tool - Storyboards, Design Tool - Sitemap and more

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VCE Innovative Solutions Word Search: Impact of Emerging Trends in Digital Systems and more (All modules) 20 words to find · Impact of Emerging Trends in Digital Systems, Characteristics of Creative and Innovative Solutions, Functions and Capabilities of Digital Systems, Ideation Techniques and more

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SC in Schools Python Crossword: What is Python? to Text Adventure Game Design (Modules 64–73) 10 clues · What is Python?, The Code for Schools Editor, Syntax Errors and Debugging, say() function and more

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SC in Schools Python Word Search: What is Python? to Text Adventure Game Design (Modules 64–73) 13 words to find · What is Python?, The Code for Schools Editor, Syntax Errors and Debugging, say() function and more

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VCE Pseudocode Crossword: What is Pseudocode to if-then block (Modules 1–10) 6 clues · What is Pseudocode, Pseudocode Writing Conventions, Variable Assignment: x <- value, input keyword and more

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VCE Pseudocode Crossword: if-then-else block to Reading and tracing complex pseudocode (Modules 11–28) 10 clues · if-then-else block, else if: chained selection, for loop: for i from 1 to n, Nested for loops and more

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VCE Pseudocode Word Search: What is Pseudocode to Reading and tracing complex pseudocode (Modules 1–28) 20 words to find · What is Pseudocode, Pseudocode Writing Conventions, Variable Assignment: x <- value, input keyword and more

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Issues in Technology Crossword: Is AI using too much power? and more (Part 1 of 2) 10 clues · Is AI using too much power?, How does an AI actually work?, Compression - losing quality or saving space?, Why file size matters and more

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Issues in Technology Word Search: Is AI using too much power? to What is RADCAB? (All modules) 22 words to find · Is AI using too much power?, How does an AI actually work?, Compression - losing quality or saving space?, Why file size matters and more

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Years 5–6 Creating Digital Solutions Crossword: Defining problems and requirements and Designing algorithms with branching and iteration (Modules 1–10) 10 clues · What is a problem a digital system can solve?, User need, Writing a problem statement, Functional requirements and more

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Years 5–6 Creating Digital Solutions Crossword: Designing user interfaces (Modules 31–40) 10 clues · Interface element: buttons, Interface elements: text boxes and labels, Interface elements: menus, sliders and checkboxes, Layout and grouping on a screen and more

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Years 5–6 Creating Digital Solutions Word Search: Defining problems and requirements and Designing algorithms with branching and iteration (Modules 1–20) 20 words to find · What is a problem a digital system can solve?, User need, Writing a problem statement, Functional requirements and more

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Years 5–6 Creating Digital Solutions Word Search: Designing algorithms with branching and iteration and Designing user interfaces (Modules 21–40) 20 words to find · Branching inside a loop, Algorithms that use sequence, branching and iteration together, Drawing a sequence in a flowchart, Drawing a decision in a flowchart and more

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VCE Data Analysis Crossword: Types and purposes of data (Modules 3–14) 10 clues · Quantitative data, Qualitative data, Purposes of qualitative and quantitative data, Interviews to gather perspectives on a topical issue and more

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VCE Data Analysis Crossword: Types and purposes of data and Data types and data characteristics (Modules 15–24) 10 clues · Open data portals and data licences, Text data: character and string, Numeric data: integer, Numeric data: floating point and more

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VCE Data Analysis Crossword: Ethics and APA referencing and Requirements, constraints and scope (Modules 56–67) 10 clues · Acknowledging sources and copyright, Purpose of APA referencing, APA in-text citations, APA reference list entry structure and more

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VCE Data Analysis Crossword: Requirements, constraints and scope and Design tools for databases, spreadsheets and visualisations (Modules 68–80) 10 clues · Scope of a solution, Listing requirements and constraints for a problem, Interpreting teacher-provided requirements for a data solution, Input-process-output (IPO) chart and more

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VCE Data Analysis Word Search: Types and purposes of data and Data types and data characteristics (Modules 3–24) 20 words to find · Quantitative data, Qualitative data, Purposes of qualitative and quantitative data, Interviews to gather perspectives on a topical issue and more

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VCE Data Analysis Word Search: Ethics and APA referencing to Design tools for databases, spreadsheets and visualisations (Modules 56–80) 22 words to find · Acknowledging sources and copyright, Purpose of APA referencing, APA in-text citations, APA reference list entry structure and more

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Crossword: Requirements and design tools to Naming conventions and internal documentation (Modules 10–47) 10 clues · Data dictionary, Writing a data dictionary entry, Designing classes with a class diagram, Object descriptions and more

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Crossword: Naming conventions and internal documentation and Pseudocode (Modules 48–71) 10 clues · Camel casing, Snake casing, Hungarian notation for variables, Hungarian notation for interface controls and more

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Crossword: Pseudocode to Data structures (Modules 72–96) 10 clues · Turning pseudocode into Python, Changing a global variable with the global keyword, Functions calling other functions, Program structure with a main() function and more

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Crossword: Data structures and Data sources and files (Modules 98–113) 10 clues · Records: fields with different data types, Accessing a record's fields by name and by field index, Choosing a data structure, Plain text (TXT) files: structure and more

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Crossword: Data sources and files to Graphical user interfaces (Modules 114–124) 10 clues · Reading an XML file with ElementTree, Validation: why data is checked on entry, Types of validation check, Existence checking in code and more

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Crossword: Graphical user interfaces and Object-oriented programming (Modules 125–141) 10 clues · GUI Label control, GUI Entry control and .get(), GUI Button control and event handlers, Placing controls with grid() and pack() and more

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Crossword: Object-oriented programming and Searching and sorting algorithms (Modules 142–155) 10 clues · OOP principle: inheritance, Calling the parent __init__ with super(), Linear search in Python, Binary search in Python and more

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Crossword: Searching and sorting algorithms and Errors and debugging (Modules 156–166) 10 clues · Comparing searching and sorting algorithms, Applying an algorithm to a task, Logic errors in Python, Runtime errors in Python and more

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Crossword: Errors and debugging and Testing modules (Modules 168–177) 10 clues · Debugging a program with print() and trace tables, Setting a breakpoint, Stepping through code and watching variables, Tracing nested loops and more

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Crossword: Testing modules and Artificial intelligence in programming (Modules 178–193) 10 clues · Testing one module in isolation, Modifying an existing program, Emerging trend: AI code generation tools, Writing a prompt to generate code and more

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Word Search: Requirements and design tools to Pseudocode (Modules 10–71) 21 words to find · Data dictionary, Writing a data dictionary entry, Designing classes with a class diagram, Object descriptions and more

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Word Search: Pseudocode to Data sources and files (Modules 72–113) 21 words to find · Turning pseudocode into Python, Changing a global variable with the global keyword, Functions calling other functions, Program structure with a main() function and more

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Word Search: Data sources and files to Object-oriented programming (Modules 114–141) 20 words to find · Reading an XML file with ElementTree, Validation: why data is checked on entry, Types of validation check, Existence checking in code and more

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Word Search: Object-oriented programming to Errors and debugging (Modules 142–166) 20 words to find · OOP principle: inheritance, Calling the parent __init__ with super(), Linear search in Python, Binary search in Python and more

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Word Search: Errors and debugging to Artificial intelligence in programming (Modules 168–193) 20 words to find · Debugging a program with print() and trace tables, Setting a breakpoint, Stepping through code and watching variables, Tracing nested loops and more