ACARA Digital Technologies Years 9–10 — Modular and Object-Oriented Programming (Python)
Writing Python programs in reusable pieces, including with classes and objects.
Modules (59)
1
Functions – Defining
2
Functions – Parameters
3
Functions – Return Values
4
Procedures versus functions
5
F-String Formatting
6
Functions that return True or False (Python)
7
Functions – Default Arguments
8
Functions – Scope
9
Python snake_case naming
10
Docstrings for functions and classes
11
Functions calling other functions
12
Refactoring code to improve it
13
Decomposing a problem into a hierarchy chart
14
Program structure with a main() function
15
Imports
16
Creating Modules (.py files to import)
17
Lists – Creation
18
Lists – Indexing
19
len() function
20
For Loops
21
range()
22
Lists – Slicing
23
Lists – Methods (append, remove, pop, insert)
24
Built-in functions sum(), min() and max()
25
Passing a list into a function
26
Functions that change a list or return a new one
27
Building and returning a list from a function
28
Nested Lists
29
Dictionaries – Basics (creation, accessing)
30
Lists + Dictionaries
31
Reading an error message and traceback
32
Runtime error: index out of range
33
Debugging with print()
34
Setting a breakpoint
35
Stepping through code and watching variables
36
Common function mistakes: print instead of return
37
Modifying an existing Python program
38
Testing a Python program with test cases
39
Testing a function with assert
40
Testing one module in isolation
41
Why object-oriented programming is used
42
Designing classes with a class diagram
43
OOP – Classes & Objects
44
OOP – __init__ Method
45
Reading and changing attributes with dot notation
46
OOP – Methods
47
Methods with parameters and return values (Python)
48
OOP – String Representation (__str__)
49
Creating several objects from one class
50
OOP – Practical Application
51
Storing objects in a list
52
OOP – Class Variables vs Instance Variables
53
Encapsulation in OOP
54
OOP – Private Attributes (underscore convention)
55
Setter methods that check new values
56
OOP – Inheritance (basic)
57
Common class mistakes: self and attribute errors
58
Testing a class with assert
59
Building a modular program with functions, lists and classes
Smaller journeys, one per content description
The same modules, split up so a class can take just the content description it's working on.
10
ACARA 9-10 Digital Technologies: Writing functions in Python — AC9TDI10P09
Students define and call functions with parameters, return values, default arguments and scope, and learn to name and document them clearly.
6
ACARA 9-10 Digital Technologies: Designing modular Python programs — AC9TDI10P09
Students break problems into helper functions, refactor repeated code, structure programs with main(), and reuse code through imported and self-made modules.
14
ACARA 9-10 Digital Technologies: Lists and data structures in Python — AC9TDI10P09
Students create, index, loop over and modify lists, pass them to and return them from functions, and organise data with nested lists, dictionaries and lists of records.
10
ACARA 9-10 Digital Technologies: Debugging and testing Python programs — AC9TDI10P06, AC9TDI10P09
Students read error messages, debug with print statements, breakpoints and stepping, modify existing programs, and validate functions with test cases and assert.
19
ACARA 9-10 Digital Technologies: Object-oriented programming in Python — AC9TDI10P06, AC9TDI10P09
Students learn why object-oriented programming is used, then design and write classes with attributes, methods, encapsulation and inheritance, test them, and combine them with functions and lists in a finished program.
Printables for this journey
Every module above has its own free printable worksheet with an answer key. These crosswords and word searches cover the same terms:
✎
Python Crossword: Getting Started (Modules 1–10)
10 clues · print() function, input() function, Comments, Variables and more
✎
Python Crossword: Control Flow (Modules 11–20)
10 clues · Type Conversion, Comparison Operators, Boolean Logic, If Statements and more
✎
Python Crossword: Functions (Modules 21–30)
10 clues · range(), Error Handling – try/except basics, break and continue, Functions – Defining and more
✎
Python Crossword: Data Structures (Modules 31–40)
10 clues · String Methods (upper, lower, replace…), String Formatting (.format()), Lists – Creation, Lists – Indexing and more
✎
Python Crossword: Advanced (Modules 41–50)
10 clues · Sets – Operations, Nested Lists, Lists + Dictionaries, File Operations – Open and more
✎
Python Crossword: Advanced (Modules 51–63)
10 clues · OOP – Methods, OOP – String Representation (__str__), OOP – Practical Application, OOP – Class Variables vs Instance Variables and more
🔎
Python Word Search: Getting Started and Control Flow (Modules 1–20)
22 words to find · print() function, input() function, Comments, Variables and more
🔎
Python Word Search: Functions and Data Structures (Modules 21–40)
20 words to find · range(), Error Handling – try/except basics, break and continue, Functions – Defining and more
🔎
Python Word Search: Advanced (Modules 41–63)
20 words to find · Sets – Operations, Nested Lists, Lists + Dictionaries, File Operations – Open and more
✎
VCE Software Development U3O1 Crossword: Requirements and design tools to Naming conventions and internal documentation (Modules 10–47)
10 clues · Data dictionary, Writing a data dictionary entry, Designing classes with a class diagram, Object descriptions and more
✎
VCE Software Development U3O1 Crossword: Pseudocode to Data structures (Modules 72–96)
10 clues · Turning pseudocode into Python, Changing a global variable with the global keyword, Functions calling other functions, Program structure with a main() function and more
✎
VCE Software Development U3O1 Crossword: Searching and sorting algorithms and Errors and debugging (Modules 156–166)
10 clues · Comparing searching and sorting algorithms, Applying an algorithm to a task, Logic errors in Python, Runtime errors in Python and more
✎
VCE Software Development U3O1 Crossword: Errors and debugging and Testing modules (Modules 168–177)
10 clues · Debugging a program with print() and trace tables, Setting a breakpoint, Stepping through code and watching variables, Tracing nested loops and more
✎
VCE Software Development U3O1 Crossword: Testing modules and Artificial intelligence in programming (Modules 178–193)
10 clues · Testing one module in isolation, Modifying an existing program, Emerging trend: AI code generation tools, Writing a prompt to generate code and more
🔎
VCE Software Development U3O1 Word Search: Requirements and design tools to Pseudocode (Modules 10–71)
21 words to find · Data dictionary, Writing a data dictionary entry, Designing classes with a class diagram, Object descriptions and more
🔎
VCE Software Development U3O1 Word Search: Pseudocode to Data sources and files (Modules 72–113)
21 words to find · Turning pseudocode into Python, Changing a global variable with the global keyword, Functions calling other functions, Program structure with a main() function and more
🔎
VCE Software Development U3O1 Word Search: Object-oriented programming to Errors and debugging (Modules 142–166)
20 words to find · OOP principle: inheritance, Calling the parent __init__ with super(), Linear search in Python, Binary search in Python and more
🔎
VCE Software Development U3O1 Word Search: Errors and debugging to Artificial intelligence in programming (Modules 168–193)
20 words to find · Debugging a program with print() and trace tables, Setting a breakpoint, Stepping through code and watching variables, Tracing nested loops and more
✎
VCE Software Development U4O1 Crossword: Efficient and effective solutions and user-centred design to Classes, objects and access modifiers (Modules 3–79)
10 clues · User-centred design, Order of operations with brackets in Python, Choosing data types for input, storage and output, Procedures versus functions and more
✎
VCE Software Development U4O1 Crossword: Classes, objects and access modifiers to Code repositories, APIs, libraries and AI assistants (Modules 82–114)
10 clues · Choosing access modifiers for a class, Readability improvements in code, Built-in functions sum(), min() and max(), List comprehensions and more
🔎
VCE Software Development U4O1 Word Search: Efficient and effective solutions and user-centred design to Code repositories, APIs, libraries and AI assistants (Modules 3–114)
20 words to find · User-centred design, Order of operations with brackets in Python, Choosing data types for input, storage and output, Procedures versus functions and more
✎
Years 7–8 Creating Digital Solutions Crossword: Designing and tracing algorithms to Evaluating digital solutions (Modules 50–125)
10 clues · Choosing test data for an algorithm, Storyboarding a user's path through a system, Comparing alternative designs with a criteria table, Running a Python program and more
🔎
Years 7–8 Creating Digital Solutions Word Search: Defining and decomposing problems to Evaluating digital solutions (Modules 3–125)
21 words to find · Interviewing a user, Decomposing a problem into sub-problems, Decomposition diagrams, Non-functional requirements and more
✎
Years 9–10 Creating Digital Solutions Crossword: Defining and decomposing problems to Evaluating solutions, impact and innovation (Modules 6–132)
10 clues · Decomposing a problem into a hierarchy chart, Prioritising requirements, Truth tables for AND, OR and NOT, Logical operators in a flowchart decision and more
🔎
Years 9–10 Creating Digital Solutions Word Search: Defining and decomposing problems to Evaluating solutions, impact and innovation (Modules 6–132)
20 words to find · Decomposing a problem into a hierarchy chart, Prioritising requirements, Truth tables for AND, OR and NOT, Logical operators in a flowchart decision and more
✎
VCE Applied Computing U1O2 Crossword: Requirements and design tools to Naming conventions and internal documentation (Modules 8–88)
10 clues · Writing an IPO chart for a program, Accessing record fields by index, Abstraction in OOP, Encapsulation in OOP and more
✎
VCE Applied Computing U1O2 Crossword: Naming conventions and internal documentation to Legal requirements and emerging trends (Modules 89–124)
10 clues · Explaining data and code structures with comments, Docstrings for functions and classes, Combining validation checks in a reusable function, Breakpoints in an editor and more
🔎
VCE Applied Computing U1O2 Word Search: Requirements and design tools to Legal requirements and emerging trends (Modules 8–124)
21 words to find · Writing an IPO chart for a program, Accessing record fields by index, Abstraction in OOP, Encapsulation in OOP and more
✎
Crossword: Modular and Object-Oriented Programming (Python) (Modules 629–680)
10 clues · Functions that return True or False (Python), Passing a list into a function, Functions that change a list or return a new one, Building and returning a list from a function and more
✎
Crossword: Modular and Object-Oriented Programming (Python) and Modular and Object-Oriented Programming (JavaScript) (Modules 681–707)
10 clues · Testing a class with assert, Building a modular program with functions, lists and classes, A function with no return gives undefined, Functions calling other functions and more
🔎
Word Search: Modular and Object-Oriented Programming (Python) and Modular and Object-Oriented Programming (JavaScript) (Modules 629–707)
21 words to find · Functions that return True or False (Python), Passing a list into a function, Functions that change a list or return a new one, Building and returning a list from a function and more
Frequently Asked Questions
Are these worksheets free?
Yes — every worksheet and its answer key is free to view, download, and print, with no account required to access any individual module.
Do I need an account?
No account is needed to view or print a worksheet. A free teacher account adds extras like assigning modules to a class and tracking progress automatically — it takes under three minutes to set up and doesn't need a credit card.
What year level is this for?
This curriculum is aligned to the Australian Curriculum (ACARA) and Victorian Curriculum, spanning roughly Years 3 to 10 — from first sequencing and variables through to object-oriented programming and advanced data structures. Start wherever matches your class's current level; each module builds on the last.
Can I print them?
Yes — every module has a one-click Print Worksheet button that generates a printable page with the practice questions and a full answer key.
Is this aligned to a curriculum?
Yes — the module sequence is mapped to the Australian Curriculum (ACARA) and Victorian Curriculum, and a class's progress is reported back against those curriculum bands (e.g. ACARA Years 5–6 sequencing and iteration, Years 7–8 functions and data structures), not just a generic difficulty scale.
Can students use this without a teacher?
Yes — students can start any module and practice directly, no class or account required. Joining a teacher's class with a class code adds progress tracking, class badges, and live Sprints, but isn't needed to work through the worksheets or modules solo.
Do I need to know ACARA Digital Technologies Years 9–10 myself to teach this?
No — every module comes with a full worked answer key, and Cloodit tracks who's stuck automatically, so you don't need to solve each exercise yourself before assigning it or be able to debug a student's work line by line.
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