← Python

Creating Modules (.py files to import)

A .py file becomes a module that other scripts can import to reuse its functions

What it does: After import helpers, access its functions with helpers.function_name(). 'from module import name' lets you use the name directly without the module prefix. Any .py file is a module — import it to use what's inside. Modules let you split code into files and share functions across projects. Python searches the current folder and sys.path — same folder always works. * imports all public names — generally avoided as it pollutes the namespace. A module is just a Python file — it can hold anything at the top level. Module (file) names cannot contain spaces. Use underscores: my_module.py.

Common mistakes: Don't include .py: just the module name. Module names are case-sensitive. File is helpers.py, so use helpers.

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Learning

Duo

What is a module?

A .py file with functions you can importA folder

Matches

❌ import my module

↓

Error: Module names can't have spaces

Applying

Meanings

Term

Module

Meaning

Any .py file that can be imported and reused.

Practice

def greet(name):

Testing

Gaps

helpers

Check Answer

Spots

1# Import our helpers module

2import helpers.py

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Quick Questions

1. What is a module?

A. A .py file with functions you can import ✓

B. A folder

Any .py file is a module — import it to use what's inside

2. If you create helpers.py, how do you import it?

A. import helpers.py

B. import helpers ✓

Drop the .py extension — import uses the module name, not the filename

3. from math import sqrt what does this do?

A. Imports only the sqrt function ✓

B. Imports everything

from X import Y imports just Y — use it directly without the module prefix

4. Why create your own modules?

A. Python requires it

B. To organize and reuse code ✓

Modules let you split code into files and share functions across projects

5. Where must your module file be?

A. In the same folder (or Python's path) ✓

B. In a special folder only

Python searches the current folder and sys.path — same folder always works

Match the Pairs

import my module → Error: Module names can't have spaces

from helpers import greet() → Error: Must name what to import

import helpers helpers.greet() → Valid: Use module prefix

from helpers import greet greet() → Ok: Import specific function

# In helpers.py: def greet(): print('Hi') → Output: (defines greet in module)

# In main.py: import helpers helpers.greet() → Output: Hi

Key Term

Module

Any .py file that can be imported and reused.~~import module

Fill in the Blanks

1. import helpers print(helpers.greet('Al'))

2. from helpers import greet print(greet('Al'))

3. import helpers print(helpers.greet('Alice'))

4. if __name__ == '__main__': print('Running directly')

5. from helpers import add result = add(3, 5)

Spot the Error

Question 1

A # Import our helpers module

B import helpers.py

C helpers.greet('Alice')

D print('Done')

Line B — Don't include .py: just the module name

Question 2

A import Helpers

B result = Helpers.greet('Al')

C print(result)

D print('Done')

Line A — Module names are case-sensitive. File is helpers.py, so use helpers.

Question 3

A from helpers import greet

B result = helpers.greet('Al')

C print(result)

D print('Done')

Line B — With 'from import', use greet() directly: no module prefix

Question 4

A import helpers

B result = greet('Al')

C print(result)

D print('Done')

Line B — With 'import helpers', must use helpers.greet() not just greet()

Question 5

A from helpers import *

B # imports everything

C greet('Alice')

D # recommended approach?

Line B — import * is not recommended: import specific functions for clarity

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