IGCSE Computer Science Paper 2 Word Scramble: 7c Pseudocode and Flowcharts (Modules 166–175)
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Word scramble
Unscramble the letters and write each key term on the line.
1
EHEROWSIT
The last clause in a CASE statement. It runs when the value matches none of the listed cases, e.g. ______ OUTPUT "Beep". Without it, nothing happens if there is no match.
2
SCEA FO
Use ______ to test one variable against single values, like a menu choice. Use IF for ranges, like grade boundaries, or when conditions combine several variables.
3
OFR XINDE ← 1 OT 03
Repeats the statements below once for each whole number from 1 to 30 inclusive. Index is an INTEGER that changes automatically each time. Close the loop with NEXT Index.
4
PSET
Sets how much the FOR loop variable changes each time round. ______ 2 counts in twos and ______ -1 counts down. The loop stops when the value goes past the end value.
5
DNE - TARTS + 1
The number of times a FOR loop runs. FOR i ← 1 TO 5 runs 5 times, 3 TO 3 runs once, and 5 TO 1 runs zero times because the start value is bigger than the end value.
6
ELIHW ... OD ... WHNLEDIE
A loop that tests its condition before each pass and repeats its statements while the condition is TRUE. It may run zero times, and the body must change the condition.
7
ATPERE ... TNILU
A loop that runs its statements first, then tests the condition. It stops when the condition is TRUE, so the body always runs at least once. It has no ENDREPEAT keyword.
8
IWLHE SV ERTAEP
WHILE tests first, so its body may never run, and it loops while the condition is TRUE. REPEAT tests after the body, so it runs at least once, and it stops when the condition is TRUE.
9
OFR / EIHWL / ATREPE
Use FOR when the number of repeats is known, WHILE when the body might run zero times (such as reading until a sentinel), and REPEAT when the body must run at least once (such as validation).
10
ESENDT OLOP
A loop placed inside another loop. The inner loop runs completely for every pass of the outer loop, so total passes = outer passes x inner passes.
Answer Key
IGCSE Computer Science Paper 2 · Modules 166–175
1EHEROWSIT → OTHERWISE — The last clause in a CASE statement. It runs when the value matches none of the listed cases, e.g. OTHERWISE OUTPUT "Beep". Without it, nothing happens if there is no match.
2SCEA FO → CASE OF — Use CASE OF to test one variable against single values, like a menu choice. Use IF for ranges, like grade boundaries, or when conditions combine several variables.
3OFR XINDE ← 1 OT 03 → FOR Index ← 1 TO 30 — Repeats the statements below once for each whole number from 1 to 30 inclusive. Index is an INTEGER that changes automatically each time. Close the loop with NEXT Index.
4PSET → STEP — Sets how much the FOR loop variable changes each time round. STEP 2 counts in twos and STEP -1 counts down. The loop stops when the value goes past the end value.
5DNE - TARTS + 1 → end - start + 1 — The number of times a FOR loop runs. FOR i ← 1 TO 5 runs 5 times, 3 TO 3 runs once, and 5 TO 1 runs zero times because the start value is bigger than the end value.
6ELIHW ... OD ... WHNLEDIE → WHILE ... DO ... ENDWHILE — A loop that tests its condition before each pass and repeats its statements while the condition is TRUE. It may run zero times, and the body must change the condition.
7ATPERE ... TNILU → REPEAT ... UNTIL — A loop that runs its statements first, then tests the condition. It stops when the condition is TRUE, so the body always runs at least once. It has no ENDREPEAT keyword.
8IWLHE SV ERTAEP → WHILE vs REPEAT — WHILE tests first, so its body may never run, and it loops while the condition is TRUE. REPEAT tests after the body, so it runs at least once, and it stops when the condition is TRUE.
9OFR / EIHWL / ATREPE → FOR / WHILE / REPEAT — Use FOR when the number of repeats is known, WHILE when the body might run zero times (such as reading until a sentinel), and REPEAT when the body must run at least once (such as validation).
10ESENDT OLOP → nested loop — A loop placed inside another loop. The inner loop runs completely for every pass of the outer loop, so total passes = outer passes x inner passes.