Writing a program with variables, constants, input and strings

Name:

Date:

Class:

Quick Questions

Shade in the A or B circle for each question.

1. Which line correctly sets up a constant for a wage rate?

A CONSTANT HourlyRate ← 12.50

B CONSTANT HourlyRate : REAL

2. Which line reads the hours worked from the user?

A Hours ← INPUT

B INPUT Hours

3. Which line correctly calculates the wage?

A Wage ← Hours * HourlyRate

B Hours * HourlyRate ← Wage

4. Which expression gives the whole minutes in TotalSeconds?

A TotalSeconds MOD 60

B TotalSeconds DIV 60

5. Which expression gives the leftover seconds after removing whole minutes?

A TotalSeconds MOD 60

B TotalSeconds DIV 60

Match the Pairs

Draw a line connecting each item on the left to its match on the right.

Left column		Right column
1CONSTANT HourlyRate ← 12.50		AA constant must be given a literal value, not an expression that uses a variable. It should be written as CONSTANT HourlyRate ← 12.50.
2Seconds ← TotalSeconds MOD 60		BSets a fixed pay rate at the top of the wage program. The value is a literal and cannot change while the program runs.
3Read the number of hours worked from the user into a declared variable		CWage ← HoursWorked * HourlyRate
4Process the input by working out the wage from the hours and the constant rate		DINPUT HoursWorked
5CONSTANT HourlyRate ← HoursWorked * 2		EFinds the seconds left over after taking out whole minutes from a total number of seconds.
6Initial ← SUBSTRING(Name, 1, 3)		FA length of 3 returns three characters, not a single initial. The length should be 1: SUBSTRING(Name, 1, 1).

Definitions

DECLARE INPUT OUTPUT

Fill in the Blanks

Complete each line of code by filling in the missing parts.

// Rate never changes ________ HourlyRate ← 12.50

DECLARE Hours : REAL _____ Hours

// Calculate the wage Wage ← Hours _ HourlyRate OUTPUT "Wage: ", Wage

Minutes ← TotalSeconds DIV 60 Seconds ← TotalSeconds ___ 60

DECLARE Name : STRING Initial ← _________(Name, 1, 1) OUTPUT Initial

Spot the Error

Shade in the letter of the line that contains an error.

Question 1

A DECLARE Hours : REAL

B CONSTANT HourlyRate = 12.5

C INPUT Hours

D OUTPUT Hours * HourlyRate

Question 2

A DECLARE Seconds : WHOLE

B DECLARE Mins : INTEGER

C INPUT Seconds

D Mins ← Seconds DIV 60

E OUTPUT "Minutes: ", Mins

Question 3

A DECLARE Surname : STRING

B DECLARE Total : INTEGER

C READ Surname

D Total ← LENGTH(Surname)

E OUTPUT Total

Question 4

A DECLARE Name : STRING

B DECLARE Shout : STRING

C INPUT Name

D Shout ← UPPER(Name)

E OUTPUT Shout

Question 5

A DECLARE Total : INTEGER

B CONSTANT SecsPerMin ← 60

C # Read the total seconds

D INPUT Total

E OUTPUT Total DIV SecsPerMin

Answer Key

Writing a program with variables, constants, input and strings

Section A: Quick Questions

A — CONSTANT HourlyRate ← 12.50

B — INPUT Hours

A — Wage ← Hours * HourlyRate

B — TotalSeconds DIV 60

A — TotalSeconds MOD 60

Section B: Match the Pairs

CONSTANT HourlyRate ← 12.50 → Sets a fixed pay rate at the top of the wage program. The value is a literal and cannot change while the program runs.

Seconds ← TotalSeconds MOD 60 → Finds the seconds left over after taking out whole minutes from a total number of seconds.

Read the number of hours worked from the user into a declared variable → INPUT HoursWorked

Process the input by working out the wage from the hours and the constant rate → Wage ← HoursWorked * HourlyRate

CONSTANT HourlyRate ← HoursWorked * 2 → A constant must be given a literal value, not an expression that uses a variable. It should be written as CONSTANT HourlyRate ← 12.50.

Initial ← SUBSTRING(Name, 1, 3) → A length of 3 returns three characters, not a single initial. The length should be 1: SUBSTRING(Name, 1, 1).

Section C: Definitions

DECLARE INPUT OUTPUT — A complete program declares variables and a CONSTANT, reads values with INPUT, processes them with assignments, then shows results with OUTPUT, using meaningful names and // comments.

Section D: Fill in the Blanks

// Rate never changes
CONSTANT HourlyRate ← 12.50

DECLARE Hours : REAL
INPUT Hours

// Calculate the wage
Wage ← Hours * HourlyRate
OUTPUT "Wage: ", Wage

Minutes ← TotalSeconds DIV 60
Seconds ← TotalSeconds MOD 60

DECLARE Name : STRING
Initial ← SUBSTRING(Name, 1, 1)
OUTPUT Initial

Section E: Spot the Error

B — A constant is given its value with the assignment arrow, not =. It should be CONSTANT HourlyRate ← 12.5.

A — WHOLE is not a Cambridge pseudocode data type. Whole numbers use INTEGER, so it should be DECLARE Seconds : INTEGER.

C — Cambridge pseudocode reads a value from the user with INPUT, not READ. It should be INPUT Surname.

D — The Cambridge function that converts a string to upper case is UCASE, not UPPER. It should be Shout ← UCASE(Name).

C — Comments in Cambridge pseudocode start with //, not #. It should be // Read the total seconds.