Advantage: works continuously

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Date:

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Quick Questions

Shade in the A or B circle for each question.

1. Which statement about an automated system is correct?

A It can run 24 hours a day without getting tired

B It must stop every few hours for a rest break

2. A greenhouse has a temperature sensor checked every minute by a microprocessor. What is the advantage?

A The temperature is only checked when the farmer visits

B The temperature is monitored all the time, day and night

3. Why do automated systems not need shifts?

A They do not get tired, so no staff rotation is needed to keep them running

B They need a new worker to restart them every 8 hours

4. A sensor reading goes above the stored value at 3 a.m. What does a continuously working system do?

A It waits until morning for a person to notice

B It reacts straight away, for example by switching on a fan

5. Which is a benefit of working continuously?

A A process can be controlled all the time, with no gaps in monitoring

B The system never needs electrical power

Match the Pairs

Draw a line connecting each item on the left to its match on the right.

Left column		Right column
1works continuously		AAn automated system runs 24 hours a day with no tiredness or breaks, so a process is monitored and controlled all the time.
2IF temperature > 30 THEN open_vent		BIF moisture < 40 THEN start_pump ENDIF
3A greenhouse system checks its sensors every minute, all day and all night, without needing a person on shift.		CWHILE system_on = TRUE READ temperature WAIT 60 seconds ENDWHILE
4The system compares every reading with a stored value and reacts at once, so a problem is dealt with quickly.		DThe system reacts quickly to a sensor reading, because it checks the value all the time and acts straight away.
5A person checks the greenhouse once an hour, so the system only works continuously during the day.		EAutomated systems do not get tired, so they do not need breaks or shift changes. No readings are missed.
6Automated systems must stop for breaks and shift changes, so readings are missed during the break.		FA continuous automated system does not rely on hourly human checks or stop at night. It monitors 24 hours a day.

Definitions

works continuously

Fill in the Blanks

Complete each line of code by filling in the missing parts.

_____ TRUE DO temp ← ReadSensor() ENDWHILE

WHILE ____ DO temp ← ReadSensor() ENDWHILE

WHILE TRUE DO temp ← __________() ENDWHILE

IF temp _ 25 THEN OpenWindow() ENDIF

WHILE TRUE DO CheckGreenhouse(); WAIT(__) ENDWHILE

Spot the Error

Shade in the letter of the line that contains an error.

Question 1

A WHILE TRUE

B temp = READ_SENSOR()

C IF temp > 25 THEN

D OPEN_WINDOW()

E ENDIF

F ENDWHILE

Question 2

A WHILE TRUE

B moisture ← READ_MOISTURE()

C IF moisture < 30 THEN

D STOP_PUMP()

E ENDIF

F ENDWHILE

Question 3

A WHILE FALSE

B light ← READ_LIGHT()

C IF light < 20 THEN

D LAMP_ON()

E ENDIF

F ENDWHILE

Question 4

A FOR minute ← 1 TO 10

B t ← READ_TEMP()

C IF t > 28 THEN

D FAN_ON()

E ENDIF

F NEXT minute

Question 5

A WHILE TRUE

B t ← READ_TEMP()

C IF t > 28 THEN

D WAIT(8 HOURS)

E ENDIF

F ENDWHILE

Answer Key

Advantage: works continuously

Section A: Quick Questions

A — It can run 24 hours a day without getting tired

B — The temperature is monitored all the time, day and night

A — They do not get tired, so no staff rotation is needed to keep them running

B — It reacts straight away, for example by switching on a fan

A — A process can be controlled all the time, with no gaps in monitoring

Section B: Match the Pairs

works continuously → An automated system runs 24 hours a day with no tiredness or breaks, so a process is monitored and controlled all the time.

IF temperature > 30 THEN open_vent → The system reacts quickly to a sensor reading, because it checks the value all the time and acts straight away.

A greenhouse system checks its sensors every minute, all day and all night, without needing a person on shift. → WHILE system_on = TRUE READ temperature WAIT 60 seconds ENDWHILE

The system compares every reading with a stored value and reacts at once, so a problem is dealt with quickly. → IF moisture < 40 THEN start_pump ENDIF

A person checks the greenhouse once an hour, so the system only works continuously during the day. → A continuous automated system does not rely on hourly human checks or stop at night. It monitors 24 hours a day.

Automated systems must stop for breaks and shift changes, so readings are missed during the break. → Automated systems do not get tired, so they do not need breaks or shift changes. No readings are missed.

Section C: Definitions

works continuously — An automated system runs 24 hours a day with no tiredness or breaks, so it can monitor and control a process all the time and react quickly to every sensor reading.

Section D: Fill in the Blanks

WHILE TRUE DO
  temp ← ReadSensor()
ENDWHILE

WHILE TRUE DO
  temp ← ReadSensor()
ENDWHILE

WHILE TRUE DO
  temp ← ReadSensor()
ENDWHILE

IF temp > 25 THEN
  OpenWindow()
ENDIF

WHILE TRUE DO
  CheckGreenhouse(); WAIT(60)
ENDWHILE

Section E: Spot the Error

B — A value is stored in a variable with the assignment arrow, so it should be temp ← READ_SENSOR(). The = sign is for comparing, not for storing each new reading.

D — When the soil is too dry the system must react to the reading by watering. The line should be START_PUMP(), not STOP_PUMP().

A — WHILE FALSE means the loop never runs, so nothing is monitored. A system that works continuously needs WHILE TRUE so it keeps checking all the time.

A — There are 1440 minutes in 24 hours. Stopping at 10 means the greenhouse is only checked for 10 minutes. It should be TO 1440 to check every minute all day.

D — An automated system reacts quickly to a reading. Waiting 8 hours before acting would let the greenhouse overheat. The line should be FAN_ON() straight away.